Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Panic Disorder
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may affect individuals who have witnessed or participated in an exceedingly stressful event. Such events could include participation in war, witnessing a violent injury or death, or being a victim of a natural disaster.50 A cardiac arrest, life-threatening heart attack and coronary bypass surgery can also result in PTSD and approximately 15 percent of patients suffer from this condition.51
Typical symptoms of PTSD include52:
- Persistent re-experiencing of the event in “flashbacks,” intrusive distressing recollections of the event or recurrent dreams
- Avoidance of stimuli associated with the event, such as people, places and activities
- Difficulty falling or staying asleep; irritability; concentration problems; hypervigilance (exaggerated alertness to potential threats to one's well-being)
Panic Disorder
As the name implies, panic disorder is characterized by repeated and unexpected attacks of terror that are not necessarily preceded by a specific event. While similar to symptoms of anxiety, (e.g., nausea or chest pain) the physical manifestations of a panic attack are much more intense and are sometimes confused as a heart attack by the person having them.53
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